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Gas Patio Heater Regulator It is important to know how to use propane patio heat if you need to stay warm during the cold winter. Matthew Griffith, prevention section chief at Montreal's fire department, said that consumers should look for products that are safe to use. It's also essential to make sure that there are there aren't any combustible materials in the vicinity and that the patio heater is properly attached. Pressure Regulator Gas regulators are simple mechanical appliances we use in our vehicles and homes every day without giving them a second thought. Their invention created 135 years ago, has revolutionized the way natural gas and propane is used for cooking, heating and welding with oxyfuel. The fundamental purpose of regulators is the same, but there are many variations. The regulator utilizes an element that senses pressure, usually a dialythm made of fabric, to control a valve's position and limit gas flow. The diaphragm connects to the stem of the valve using rods that go down through the set spring, over the diaphragm, and finally into the valve. The gas pressure coming from the pipeline or from the house is sensed by this mechanism, and it adjusts the position of the valve plug to align it with the demand from the house. As the consumption of gas in the house decreases the pressure between the regulator and the house decreases as well. The diaphragm begins to deflate downward, and it pushes the valve plug closer to the orifice, which limits flow. As the demand for gas grows in the home the valve opens up more, thereby increasing the flow. The valve plug is shut until the demand of the house decreases. The valve is then opened to increase the flow. This process, called sizing, is the fundamental operation of the regulator. As the valve opens it creates pressure up in the main chamber of the regulator, which is attached to the hose outlet port with the venturi tube (see the image). This pressure is controlled by adjusting a screw or handle located on the exterior of the regulator. When outdoor gas patio heater is rotated counterclockwise, it raises the pressure. If it is turned clockwise it decreases the pressure. When selecting a pressure regulator, remember that the maximum and minimum nominal pressures are set by commercial standards, not the pressure at the supply line. The regulator should be compatible with the hose you use. Make sure you choose a hose that is whistle-free. It will have alternating rings with different sizes. This will stop the resonant sounds from building up across the length. Thermocouple Thermocouples are based on the principle that two dissimilar metals that are in contact at one end generate a voltage potential even if they are at extremely different temperatures. They are used to determine temperatures that differ between points of a circuit and convert that information into an electronic signal that can be read by thermocouple gauges or any other instrument. Thermocouples offer a number of advantages over conventional sensors like thermistors, including the ability to measure very high-temperatures and to operate in harsh environments. A pair of different metals are connected to one end of the sensor, forming the measuring (aka hot) junction, while the other end is kept at a constant temperature, known as the reference (aka cold) junction. Thermocouples produce small voltages, but they are passive devices that don't need power to function. The voltage produced is proportional to the difference in temperature between the measuring and reference junctions. Thermocouple manufacturers and metrology standard organizations such as NIST provide tables of reference for the function E (T) displaystyle scriptstyle e(T) for each specific thermocouple type. There are three types of thermocouple junctions: an exposed, grounded and wire that is welded. The exposed type of junction protrudes out of the protective sheath and offers the fastest response time. A grounded thermocouple is recommended for testing in corrosive environments. A thermocouple welded-wire is physically isolated from the sheath using mgO powder. This stops moisture or gas from penetrating and causing problems. The thermocouple welded wire also has the added benefit of being more vibration resistant. It is recommended to use in harsh environments and with pressures as high as 3000 psi. When a thermocouple is damaged, it's usually caused by a lack in polarity. If the sheath does not appear to be correctly polarized, both ends of the thermocouple have unequal voltages at the junction of measurement that could lead to an inaccurate reading and possibly end up damaging the instrument. A sensor that's not properly calibrated or placed in the right place can cause a malfunctioning thermocouple. Thermostat Contrary to electric heaters, which need to be hardwired into the wall Gas patio heaters are portable and use propane or natural gas cylinders to fuel. Thermostats regulate the flow energy into these cylinders in order to ensure that they do not overflow, but they still provide heat when needed. The thermostat is able to detect the temperature of the air that passes through it. The thermostat also can tell that the room is at a temperature that is comfortable and turn off the heating. The most popular type of thermostat is a digital device. It uses a microcontroller that converts a fluctuating electrical resistance into a measurement of temperature. It is able to do this more accurately than older mercury switch thermostats, which used mercury coils with three wires inside that would move based on temperature. This allowed it to tilt a mercury switch connected to the electrical circuit of an air conditioning or heater unit, turning it on or off. Mechanical thermostats are another kind. The thermostat is activated when the wax contained in the small cylinder begins to melt, which is about 180 degrees F. (Different thermostats have different opening temperatures). When the wax is hot, a rod attached to the thermostat opens the valve. As the room cools the wax expands and the rod is pushed into the cylinder, closing the valve. There are also thermostats that can be programmed to change at different times of the day. You can cut down on energy consumption by programming your heating system to switch off and on when you're at work or sleeping, rather than having it running all the time. You can also set the thermostat to turn on earlier so that your home will be at a comfortable temperature when you return from school or work. Thermostats typically include a feature called the heat anticipator, which prevents the heater from coming on too early. This is due to the fact that different areas of the house typically reach the set temperature before the thermostat itself does. Pilot Light Many newer heating systems, homes and furnaces have eliminated completely from pilot lights. However older homes still rely on them to ignite gas in the burner chamber. It's important to learn how to safely relight the pilot light if it ever goes out. A pilot light generates tiny flames that heat the thermocouple. The thermocouple generates electricity and keeps the gas valve open. When the pilot flame goes off, the thermocouple cools down and stops producing electricity, thereby closing the valve. Pilot lights are used on the majority of natural gas and propane appliances, such as water heaters. To light a pilot light, it is necessary that you first turn off the gas valve at the appliance. Then, you have to take out any doors or panels that could be blocking getting to the pilot light. Locate the pilot light tube and carefully follow the procedure printed on the back of the appliance to open it. Once you've re-lit the pilot light, turn the knob on the gas valve to the “on” position. Safety is the primary reason to keep a pilot light lit. If you accidentally turn off the pilot light, gas that is constantly venting out of the tube can build up in your home until a spark or static electricity ignites the gas and causes an explosive explosion. Pilot tubes are designed to include a built-in cutoff valve to prevent this from happening. A pilot light that is constantly burning is not just dangerous however, it also consumes energy. The pilot light consumes between $7 to $18 worth of gas per month, according to numerous studies. This fuel is wasted and is a bigger burden on the air conditioner in the summer. Pilot lights can attract spiders which can spin webs and clog up the pilot tubes. A constant flame could release trace quantities of the compound Mercaptan that is responsible for the smell of rotten eggs in natural gas. If you're ever worried about these issues, think about purchasing a remote-controlled gas fire or replacing your old fireplace with a more modern efficient model.